Carat refers to a diamond’s weight, not its physical size. One carat equals 200 milligrams, and diamonds with the same carat weight can appear different in size depending on their shape, proportions, and cut.

While larger diamonds are generally rarer and more valuable, carat weight is only one part of the overall picture. A slightly smaller, beautifully cut diamond may have greater visual impact than a heavier diamond with less desirable proportions.

Clarity measures the natural characteristics found within and on the surface of a diamond. Internal characteristics are called inclusions, while those on the surface are known as blemishes. Because diamonds form naturally under intense heat and pressure, these characteristics are common and can make each diamond unique.

Many inclusions are difficult or impossible to see without magnification. Choosing a diamond with a higher clarity grade is not always necessary to achieve a beautiful appearance, making clarity an area where personal preference and value can be carefully balanced.

Diamond color refers to the presence or absence of natural color within a diamond. The GIA color scale ranges from D, completely colorless, to Z, which may display noticeable yellow or brown tones.

Color differences can be very subtle, especially between neighboring grades. The diamond’s shape, setting, and metal color can also influence how its color appears, making it possible to find a beautiful diamond across a variety of color grades.

Cut refers to how well a diamond’s facets interact with light. More than any other characteristic, cut plays a major role in a diamond’s brilliance, sparkle, and overall appearance. A well cut diamond reflects light beautifully, creating the brightness and fire that make diamonds so captivating.

Cut is not the same as a diamond’s shape. While shape describes its outline, such as round, oval, or pear, cut evaluates the quality of its proportions, symmetry, and polish.